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ENdiya, ukukhipha isisu kusemthethweni ngaphansi kwezimo ezahlukahlukene, lapho kungenziwa khona kuze kube amasonto angama-24 okukhulelwa. Ukukhipha isisu okwenziwe lapho owesifazane ekhulelwa ngokuzithandela kumhlinzeki wesevisi. Ukukhipha isisu okuzenzakalelayo ukulahlekelwa ukukhulelwa kowesifazane ngaphambi kwesonto lama-20, okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi isisu [1] .
Ngokwezempilo, ukukhipha isisu kuhlukaniswa kube kathathu, ukukhipha isisu okuphephile, ukukhipha isisu okungaphephile kakhulu nokukhipha isisu okungaphephile. Ukukhipha isisu okuphephile kunikezwa ngabasebenzi bezokunakekelwa kwezempilo nezindlela ezinconywe yi-WHO ukukhipha isisu okungaphephile kakhulu kwenziwa ngabahlinzeki abaqeqeshiwe besebenzisa izindlela zobudedengu / ezingaphephile noma besebenzisa indlela ephephile kepha bengenalo ulwazi olwanele noma ukuxhaswa okuvela kumuntu oqeqeshiwe. Futhi ukukhipha isisu okuphephe kancane kwenziwa ngumhlinzeki oqeqeshiwe esebenzisa izindlela eziyingozi, ezihlaselayo [okubili] .
Ukukhipha isisu akufanele neze kwenziwe, ngoba kuthinta wonke umuntu wesifazane ngokuhlukile [3] . Imvamisa, ukukhipha isisu kungaba yinto ehluke ngokuphelele kwabesifazane abakwenzayo uma kuqhathaniswa nabantu ababazungezile. Ukulimala ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo inqubo yezokwelapha engaba nayo kowesifazane kungahluka, kanti abanye bathola imiphumela emibi embalwa kwabanye, kungahlukumeza ngokweqile nemiphumela emibi eminingi. Kwesinye isikhathi, izinguquko emzimbeni zifinyelela ezingeni lokuthi zimlimaze unomphela owesifazane.
Ukucwaswa okubonakalayo ngesihloko sokukhipha isisu kunciphise isidingo sokuqhubeka nokuxoxisana ngendima yokukhipha isisu empilweni yabesifazane, abesifazane abaningi abenza lezi zinguquko bengafuni noma behluleka ukuxoxa ngalezi zinkinga nabanye okwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuqonda ukuthi yini bayadlula.
Ngale ndatshana, sizamile ukukhulisa ukuqaphela ezinye zezinguquko ezijwayelekile ezingenzeka emzimbeni wowesifazane (nasemqondweni) ngemuva kokukhipha isisu nokuthi ungaziphatha kanjani ngempumelelo izimpawu zokuzivikela ekulimaleni kowesifazane ngokwengqondo nangokomzimba ngokuqhubekayo.
Imiphumela Yomzimba Yokukhipha Isisu
1. Ukuvuvukala Noma Ubumnene Emabeleni
Lapho owesifazane ekhulelwa, umzimba wakhe uzilungiselela umthwalo olandelayo wokukhulisa umntwana. Lokhu kufaka nezinguquko zehomoni ezishukumisa ukukhula kwezicubu zamabele. Ngenxa yalokhu, amabele aba mancane futhi ayavuvukala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa [okubili] .
Futhi lapho owesifazane ekhipha isisu, kuthatha umzimba wakhe amasonto amaningi ukubuyela esimeni esejwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, amabele angahlala ethambile futhi evuvukile amasonto. Lesi ngesinye sezinguquko ezivame ukuzwakala kakhulu kwabesifazane abaningi ngemuva kokukhulelwa kwabo.
Kodwa-ke, futhi akuyona into engavamile ukuzwa ukuncelisa, okungukuthi, uketshezi lobisi oluvela emabeleni, ukukhipha isisu ngemuva, ikakhulukazi uma ukukhulelwa kunqanyulwe kamuva. Kokubili ubumnene kanye ne-lactation yizimpendulo zemvelo zomzimba ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Zingavela ngemuva kokukhipha isisu [3] .
2. Amajaqamba
Umuntu angahlangabezana nezinsika ngokushesha ngemuva kokukhipha isisu noma kancane kancane, ngezikhathi ezithile, noma ngokuqhubekayo. Ngenkathi isibeletho sibuyela kusayizi waso ojwayelekile ngemuva kokukhipha isisu, isisu sowesifazane singazizwa sengathi siyashuba. Zingaba khona nezinye izizathu zokuba namajaqamba. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni eziningi, lokhu kuyingozi futhi kungakhululwa ngokusebenzisa imishanguzo enikezwe udokotela [4] .
3. Ukopha
Kwabanye besifazane, ngenxa yezinguquko zamahomoni, ukucindezela ngemuva kokukhipha isisu kuhambisana nokuphuma kwegazi noma ukubona [5] . Ukopha kungenzeka kungaqali ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala, kepha kungahlala noma kuphi phakathi kwamasonto amabili kuya kwayisithupha lapho iqala. Noma ingaqedwa yimithi, uma ukugeleza kwegazi okunzima kuqhubeka ngaphezulu kwamahora ama-3, kufanele uvakashele isibhedlela ngokushesha.
4. Ubuhlungu Emuva
Abesifazane bangase bezwe ubuhlungu beqolo njalo, ngesikhathi nangemva kokukhipha isisu. Lobu buhlungu bubheke esifundeni esiseduze nomgogodla womsila. Imisebenzi elula njengokuhlala isikhathi eside kungabonakala kunzima [6] . Ubuhlungu beqolo bungadanjiswa yimithi, ukuzivocavoca umzimba ngendlela efanele kanye nokudla okunempilo okwelulekwa ngudokotela wakho noma ungoti wezokudla.
5. Ukuzuza Isisindo
Owesifazane angathola isisindo ngemuva kokukhipha isisu ngenxa yezizathu eziningi. Enye yazo ukuthi kuba nzima ngomzimba ukuthi uyeke ukugcwalisa amandla awo amasha ngokuzumayo. Kwezinye, izizathu zingaba ezingokomzwelo [7] .
6. Ukuqunjelwa
Ukwehla kwegazi ngesikhathi senqubo yezokwelapha kungadinga ukuthi usebenzise izithasiselo zensimbi ezibekwe ngudokotela ukunxephezela igazi elilahlekile futhi uhlale uphilile, okungadala ukuqunjelwa [8] . Kodwa-ke, ngaphambi kokuthi uthathe noma imiphi imishanguzo yokulwa nokuqunjelwa, sicela uxhumane nodokotela wakho futhi uqinisekise ukuthi kuphephile kuwe njengomzimba wakho.
7. Ukuchithwa Kwesitho Sangasese
Ngemuva kokukhipha isisu, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokukhishwa kohlobo lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane - uhlobo lwamafinyila kanye nonsundu onsundu ngombala wombala. Lokhu akuyona into okufanele ikhathazeke ngayo njengoba nje kuyimpendulo engokwemvelo yomzimba, indlela ozihlanza ngayo [9] . Kepha, uma ukukhishwa kunuka kabi, kufana nobomvu, kuyaluma, noma kuhambisana nomkhuhlane, kuzodingeka ukuthi ubonane nodokotela.
8. Ukuqhakaza nokuqina kwesisu
Ngemuva kokukhipha isisu, isisu noma isisu sowesifazane singazizwa sengathi siqunjile noma siqinile. Yize lezi ezimbili zibonakala futhi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, izinguquko ezahlukahlukene ezenzeka emzimbeni ngemuva kokuphela kokukhulelwa zingadala ukuthi lokhu kuqunjelwa kuqhubeke isikhathi eside kuze kube yilapho umzimba ubuyela kokujwayelekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma uhlushwa ukuqunjelwa ngenxa yamathebulethi wensimbi, ngokunokwenzeka uzozizwa uqunjelwa futhi uqina.
9. Ubuhlungu Ngesikhathi Sokuya Ocansini
Ngemuva kokukhipha isisu, umlomo wesibeletho uba buhlungu. Okungenani, linda i-1 noma i-2 amasonto ngaphambi kokuthi uphinde uhlanganyele ezocansi, ngoba ubuhlungu bungadala ubuhlungu obukhulu.
Imiphumela Engokomzwelo Yokukhipha Isisu
Njengoba ucwaningo lukhomba, owesifazane angaba nemizwa ehlukahlukene ngemuva kokukhipha isisu. Umuntu angazizwa ekhululekile noma ephatheke kabi, noma inhlanganisela yakho kokubili, lapho abesifazane abaningi bezizwa khona ukuthi kubikwe ukuthi bawela ekucindezelekeni lokhu, empeleni, kukhanya ngokubaluleka kokwelashwa nokwelulekwa kwabesifazane ngaphambi nangemuva kokukhipha isisu [10] .
10.I-Post-partum Depression (i-PPD)
I-PPD ingenye yemiphumela esatshwa kakhulu ngemuva kokukhipha isisu. Lapho ukukhulelwa kunqanyulwa ngokuzumayo, ngaphambi kwenkambo yayo ejwayelekile, amahomoni omzimba aba nokushaqeka ngezinga elithile. Indlela entsha yokusebenza kwamahomoni amaningi, ikakhulukazi i-Oxytocin, imvamisa kuthatha isikhathi eside ukubuyela ngendlela eyayiyiyo [ishumi nanye] . Lokhu kungaba nomthelela ekucindezelekeni ngemuva kokubeletha komama abakhiphe isisu [12] . Ukudangala kwePost-partum yisimo lapho umama angahlangabezana nazo zonke izimpawu noma eziningi zokucindezeleka.
Izinkolelo zenkolo, izinkinga zobudlelwano, kanye nokucwaswa emphakathini kungenza kube nzima kwabesifazane ukubhekana nesimo, ikakhulukazi uma bengenamuntu abangathululela kuye isifuba. Ezimweni eziningi, njengoba isikhathi sihamba, le mizwa emibi izoncipha ngokungenelela ngesikhathi esifanele nokuxhaswa.
Ngokwe-American Pregnancy Association, imizwa ejwayelekile engemihle kwabesifazane ngemuva kokukhipha isisu ihlanganisa okulandelayo [13] :
- Icala
- Intukuthelo
- Amahloni
- Ukuzisola noma ukuzisola
- Ukulahlekelwa ukuzethemba noma ukuzethemba
- Imizwa yokuhlukaniswa nesizungu
- Izinkinga zokulala namaphupho amabi
- Izinkinga zobudlelwano
- Imicabango yokuzibulala
QAPHELA : Uma kwenzeka imicabango yokuzibulala noma ukuzilimaza, lowo muntu kufanele afune usizo oluphuthumayo.
Ochwepheshe ngokuyinhloko baxhumanisa ukucindezeleka nokukhipha isisu ngokuchaza i-micro chimerism. Lapho umntwana esesibelethweni, umama nengane bashintshana ngamanani amancane amaseli athile. Ngakho-ke, nangemva kokuphela kokukhulelwa (okujwayelekile nokukhipha isisu), umama akahlukaniswanga ngokuphelele nengane. Kodwa-ke, amaseli noma izingxenye zawo zihlala ngaphakathi kuye impilo yakhe yonke.
Ucwaningo lwamuva luveze ukuthi kunesidingo sokwenza ucwaningo olwengeziwe ukuqonda ngokugcwele noma yikuphi ukuxhumana phakathi kokuqedwa kokukhulelwa nokudangala [14] .
Imiphumela Emibi Engavamile Yokukhipha Isisu
Uma owesifazane enanoma iyiphi yalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo, ukwelashwa ngokushesha kubalulekile [ishumi nanhlanu] .
- Ukopha okuqhubekayo okunzima
- Amajaqamba amakhulu (angahambi nababulali bezinhlungu)
- Ukugodola nomkhuhlane ka-101 ° F noma ngaphezulu ngemuva kosuku
- Isicanucanu, ukuhlanza kanye / noma isifo sohudo esihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora angama-24
- Ukuquleka
- Ukukhishwa kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane (okunuka kabi)
- Ukukhathala, ukugula kwasekuseni, noma isifuba sesifuba ngaphezu kwamasonto amabili ngemuva kwenqubo
Encwadini Yokugcina…
Ngokuya nge-Comprehensive Abortion Care (CAC), ukungenelela okusetshenzisiwe ukuvimbela ukufa noma ukulimala komama kuveza ukuthi 'abesifazane kumele bakwazi ukuthola ukunakekelwa okuphezulu, okungabizi kakhulu emiphakathini abahlala kuyo nabasebenza kuyo,' yethulwa eNdiya ngo-2000.
