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I-Chaitra Navratri 2021: Usuku, i-Muhurta, Amasiko Nokubaluleka Kwalo Mkhosi Ungaphuthelwa
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Ngokusho kwe-calender yamaHindu, inyanga kaVaishakh ingenye yezinyanga ezibaluleke kakhulu. Sigubha imikhosi eminingi kule nyanga, kungaba njengezinsuku ezibaluleke kakhulu ngezinkanyezi noma njengezikhumbuzo zokuzalwa zabathile bobuntu, izazi nabangcwele.
Ngo-20th ka-Ephreli, kwazalwa u-Adi Shankaracharya, okukholakala ukuthi ungumuntu weNkosi Shiva. Ongcwele, isazi sefilosofi kanye nesazi semfundiso yenkolo, wayengeyena nje umsekeli wefilosofi ka-Advaita Vedanta, kodwa futhi futhi owaletha izinkolelo eziyinhloko zobuHindu.
Ukuzalwa Njengesibusiso Senkosi Shiva
Wazalwa eminyakeni engaba ngu-1200 eyedlule edolobhaneni elibizwa ngeKaalti, eliqhele ngamakhilomitha angu-5-6 ukusuka eCochin. Wayengowomndeni wakwaBrahmin. Abanye baze bathi uzalwe eChidambaram, lokhu kudideka kukhona ngenxa yokushoda kwamarekhodi anele.
Abazali bakhe kwadingeka balinde ingane iminyaka eminingi ngaphambi kokuba izalwe. Bakhonze iNkosi Shiva ngakho konke ukuzinikela ukuze isifiso sabo sigcwaliseke. Ekugcineni, bahalalisiwe ngokuzinikela kwabo nangokukholwa kwabo kuNkulunkulu, u-Lord Shiva uvele ephusheni labo wacela isifiso sabo. Lo mbhangqwana uveze isifiso sawo sengane ebusiswe ngempilo ende nodumo. INkosi nokho yavumelana ngokunikeza esinye sezibusiso ezimbili, bacela lesi sakamuva. Babefuna ukubona ingane izenzela igama elihle futhi yaziwe emhlabeni wonke. Ngakho-ke, babusiswa ngoShankara, namuhla esimazi njengoShankaracharya. Kodwa-ke, ubaba wakhe washona lapho uShankara eneminyaka emithathu kuphela.
UShankaracharya Njengengane Ekhanyayo
Incazelo engokoqobo ka-Acharya nguGugu. Ngokufana nobunye ubuntu bukaNkulunkulu obubonwe indawo yonke kuze kube namuhla, uShankaracharya naye wayenentshisekelo yokulahlwa komhlaba. Wayefuna ukuphila impilo yokuba yedwa. Wayeyingane ekhaliphile njalo. Wayefunde isiMalayalam eneminyaka emithathu kuphela. Wayefunde wonke amaVeda eneminyaka eyisikhombisa. Wayebambe ngisho nawo wonke amaShastra eneminyaka eyishumi nambili. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, ubuye abhalwe ukuthi ubhale ngaphezulu kuka-100 Granthas eneminyaka nje eyishumi nesithupha.
UShankaracharya Ulahla Umhlaba
UShankara wake waphuma nomama wakhe. Ngenkathi befika eduze nogu lomfula, wabona ingwenya isondela kuye. Utshele umama wakhe ukuthi kufanele amyeke ahlukane nokulahla emhlabeni kungenjalo ingwenya ingamudla imqede. Wayehlala njalo engavumelani ngalombono wakhe ngezinye izikhathi. Kodwa ekuzwa lokhu, umama wakhe, owayeyinkosikazi ekholwayo, wamyeka. Kusuka endaweni efanayo, kukholelwa ukuthi washiya imfundo yakhe njengendoda eyedwa. Ngakho-ke, wathatha impilo yokuba yisidlakela eneminyaka eyisishiyagalombili.
UShankaracharya Njengesazi sefilosofi
UShankaracharya wenza uthisha wakhe uGovinda Bhagvatapada. Uqhube umhlangano noKumarika noPrabhakara. Babeyizifundiswa zesikole saseMimasa sobuHindu. Waze wahlangana namaBuddha eShastraarth. IShashtraarth ngumhlangano wezazi zefilosofi zomphakathi lapho kubanjwa khona izingxoxo.
Ugxeke isikole iMimasa sobuHindu futhi wathola umehluko phakathi kobuHindu nobuBuddha. Wagomela ngokuthi ngenkathi ubuHindu busho ukuthi umphefumulo ukhona, ubuBuddha bona buthi umphefumulo awukho.
UShankaracharya wahlela amahlelo ayishumi amaHindu osanta ngaphansi kwamaMatha amane. BangamaMatha adumile afanayo, esiwaziyo njengoDwarka, Jagannath Puri, Badrinath noSringeri.
UGugu Shankaracharya uphinde wethula uhlelo lokukhulekelwa ngasikhathi sinye konkulunkulu abahlanu, Lord Ganesha, Lord Surya, Lord Vishnu, Lord Shiva, noDevi. Wayekholelwa ukuthi lezi zithixo ezinhlanu kwakuyizindlela zeBrahma kuphela.
Wabhala ukuphawula ngeBhagvata Geeta, i-vedas, ne-puranas. UBrahma Sutra, uBrahmabhashya no-Updesh Sahasri yimisebenzi yakhe edume kakhulu futhi waqamba izinkondlo zikaKrishna noShiva, ezaziwa njengeStotras.
Wayekholelwa kwifilosofi yomphefumulo nomphefumulo ophakeme. Ngenkathi umphefumulo, wayekholelwa, uqhubeka uzishintsha, umphefumulo ophakeme unomphela, ukuyo yonke indawo futhi awuguquki.
Washiya isidumbu eneminyaka engama-32. Usuku lokuzalwa kwakhe lugujwa ngentshiseko yenkolo, ikakhulukazi kwaMathas amane. Ube nethonya elingenakuqhathaniswa kubuHindu. Kungaba ngefilosofi ka-Advaita Vendanta noma eminye imisebenzi yakhe, ubelokhu ethenjwa uquqaba. UShankaracharya waphila impilo ephumelelayo yesazi futhi waqondisa futhi waqapha konke. Impilo yakhe nemisebenzi yakhe yaba nethonya elikhulu kubuHindu.
