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Manje sekunezinsuku eziningi lapho kunesifo esesabekayo sesifo sokuphefumula esibizwa nge-swine (okusho ingulube) umkhuhlane (okusho umkhuhlane) noma umkhuhlane we-H1N1 njengoba ubangelwa yigciwane le-H1N1. Akumangalisi ukuthi leli gciwane elibulalayo labulala abantu abaningi emhlabeni wonke naseNdiya futhi. ENdiya izehlakalo zomkhuhlane wezingulube zikhuphukile ngonyaka wezi-2015 phakathi nenyanga kaJanuwari nofebruwari. Lapha namhlanje sizoxoxa ngomehluko phakathi kwezingulube nomkhuhlane wonyaka, yini umkhuhlane wezingulube, izimpawu zomkhuhlane wezingulube, umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane wezinkukhu kanye nemodi yokudlulisela umkhuhlane wengulube kanye nezinyathelo okufanele zenziwe.
Uma sinokuqonda okufanele kokuthi iyini i-swine flu nokuthi isakazeka kanjani, singathatha izinyathelo ezifanele zokunqanda izifo nokusabalala kwazo. Kuyisifo esithathelwanayo futhi lapha namhlanje kule ndatshana sizokukhanyisela ngalo lonke ulwazi oludingeka kakhulu maqondana nezingulube noma umkhuhlane we-H1N1.
Namuhla sibheka izimpilo zakho eziyigugu, thina kwa-boldsky sizokujabulela ukuhlanganyela nawe imininingwane ethile ebalulekile mayelana nezingulube ezifana nomehluko phakathi komkhuhlane wezingulube nomkhuhlane wonyaka. Bheka izimo zemikhuhlane yezingulube izifo nezimpawu.
Umkhuhlane Wonyaka
Ake siqale sikutshele ukuthi yini umkhuhlane wonyaka noma umkhuhlane. Kuyizifo zethrekhi yokuphefumula ezibangelwa amagciwane. Okuthinta umphimbo, impumulo, uqhoqhoqho namaphaphu. Imvamisa lo mkhuhlane wonyaka noma umkhuhlane uzophela ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyisikhombisa noma kunjalo. Kodwa-ke uma ihlala isikhathi eside, khona-ke udinga ukuthi ube nama-antibiotic ngemuva kokubonisana nodokotela. Kungaba ukutheleleka kwebhaktheriya Uma kuhlala izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezingu-7. Manje uma sekufika izimpawu zayo bangumphimbo obuhlungu, umkhuhlane omncane, impumu egcwele noma egijimayo nokukhathala. Zonke lezi zimpawu zimnene. Umzimba wethu ulungele kahle ukubhekana nalolu hlobo lomkhuhlane wonyaka. Amasosha omzimba wethu ayawazi lo mkhuhlane wesizini futhi ayalwa nawo, ngakho-ke uvamise ukuhamba ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Umkhuhlane Wonyaka
Kodwa-ke uma umkhuhlane wonyaka uhlala isikhathi eside futhi ushiywe ungalashwa, ungadala izinkinga eziningi njenge-pneumonia. Umuntu otheleleke ngomkhuhlane wonyaka angadlulisela ukutheleleka kwabanye abantu ngemuva kwamahora angama-24 ngemuva kokutheleleka.
Umkhuhlane Wonyaka
Kunezinhlobo zamagciwane ezicishe zibe ngama-200 ezingadala umkhuhlane wonyaka noma umkhuhlane. Amagciwane omkhuhlane (imikhuhlane) ahlukaniswe ngezigaba ezintathu ezibanzi umkhuhlane A, B noma uC. Umkhuhlane A uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Umkhuhlane i-H1N1 yizinhlobonhlobo zomkhuhlane A. Yigciwane eliyingozi kunazo zonke futhi lingena kumaseli. Umzimba wethu nawo awukwazi ukunikela ukuzivikela njengoba kuyigciwane elisha lamasosha omzimba.
Umkhuhlane wezingulube
Uyini umkhuhlane wezingulube kubantu? Manje kuza kumkhuhlane wezingulube osezingqondweni cishe zawo wonke umzimba kulezi zinsuku. Umkhuhlane wezingulube njengoba igama likhombisa ukuthi ekuqaleni lasakazekela kubantu ngezingulube ezinegciwane. Kwaqala ngonyaka ka-2009 entwasahlobo. Leli gciwane lomkhuhlane elibizwa nge-H1N1 ekuqaleni lihlasela izingulube. Noma yimuphi umuntu osondelene kakhulu nezingulube ezinegciwane angalithola leli gciwane emzimbeni wakhe. Manje umuntu ofanayo onegciwane lengulube flu angathelela abanye abantu. I-Swine flu nayo iyisifo sokuphefumula njengomkhuhlane wonyaka. Kodwa-ke isakazeka ngokujulile ngaphakathi komphimbo, i-trachea, amaphaphu ngisho nesisu namathumbu.
Umkhuhlane wezingulube
Amasosha omzimba wethu awakulungele ukubhekana naleli gciwane njengoba liyigciwane elisha. Amasosha omzimba wethu awakwazi ukukubona njengoba engakulungele ukulwa naleli gciwane. Njengomphumela igciwane le-H1N1 lingena emzimbeni ngaphandle komkhawulo. Abesifazane abakhulelwe, abantu asebekhulile, izingane, ama-immuno afaka engozini iziguli ezinjengokufakelwa kwezinso futhi abantu abanezidakamizwa ze-steroidal basengozini enkulu yokuthola umkhuhlane wezingulube. Ukwelashwa komkhuhlane wezingulube ngokuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kungenzeka ngemithi elwa namagciwane nokunakekelwa okufanele. Uma ukutheleleka kushiywa kunganakiwe kunokuba kungangena egazini futhi kungabulala nempilo yomuntu onegciwane. Lapha awudingi ukwethuka, ubhekisise izimpawu zomkhuhlane bese uvakashela udokotela wakho ngokushesha okukhulu uma usola umkhuhlane wezingulube.
Imodi yokudluliswa komkhuhlane wezingulube
Umkhuhlane wezingulube ungadlulisela usondelene nezingulube ezinegciwane. Ukudla inyama yengulube engavuthiwe engavuthiwe. Lapho-ke umuntu onalesi sifo angasidlulisela komunye umuntu ngalezi zindlela ezilandelayo
Ukudluliswa Kwethonsi
Umkhuhlane usabalala lapho uhogela noma uphefumulela amaconsi axoshwa lapho umuntu onegciwane ekhwehlela noma ethimula noma ekhuluma. Labo abangaphakathi kwendawo abathintwe ukukhwehlela noma ukuthimula (kuze kufike kumamitha amabili) basengozini enkulu yokutheleleka.
Imininingwane Transmission
Ukuhlangana namathe, amafinyila kanye nezicubu zamehlo ezivela kubantu abanegciwane kusabalalisa lesi sifo. Kungasakazeka futhi uma umuntu onegciwane exhawula isandla sakhe esinegciwane enomunyu kuso nomunye umuntu.
Iziguli Fomites
Ama-fomites yizinto zomuntu siqu onegciwane azisebenzisayo njengethawula, ama-tisue, okombhede njll. Lapho umuntu esebenzisa lezi zinto ezinegciwane lapho-ke angathola lesi sifo, Isizathu salokhu ukuthi igciwane likhona ekusithekeni kwamakhala, amathe, i-phlegm umuntu othelelekile. Kodwa-ke ungasithola futhi lesi sifo ngemuva kokuthinta noma yini engenwe uketshezi lomlomo lomuntu onegciwane.
Ukuvimbela Ukusabalala Kwezifo
Gqoka izifihla-buso zobuso, lokhu kuvimbela ukuhogela umoya ngamaconsi aqhamuka kumuntu onegciwane, gwema izindawo eziminyene futhi uye ezindaweni ezithintekile ezifweni. Kuyelulekwa ukuthi usebenzise i-sanitizer yesandla lapho usohambweni futhi uyisebenzise ngaphambi kokudla noma yini. Ayikho indlela yokuvimbela ukuthintana negciwane ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi, njengezitolo ezinkulu nezitimela, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukugeza izandla lapho ubuyela ekhaya. Sicela usebenze izandla zakho ngokuzimisela ngaphambi kokulungisa ukudla noma ukwenza eminye imisebenzi.
Umkhuhlane Wengulube Swine India
Umuthi wokugoma wuhlobo olungasebenzi lwegciwane noma amabhaktheriya afakwa ngaphambi kokuthola lesi sifo. Ilungiselela ukuzivikela ukulwa nesifo esizayo. Kuyasiza ekukhiqizeni amasosha omzimba (isikhali esilwa nokutheleleka) ukulwa nokutheleleka okuzayo. Amasosha omzimba ayaqapha futhi anikeze ukuvikelwa. Umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane kukholakala ukuthi uyasebenza ekuvikeleni izimpawu zezifo, unciphise imiphumela yomkhuhlane, futhi uvimbele ukufa kulabo abangenwa yigciwane lomkhuhlane ngemuva kokugonywa. (Chofoza isilayidi esilandelayo)
Umkhuhlane Wengulube Swine India
Kodwa-ke, ukugonyelwa umkhuhlane akuhlinzeki ngokuzivikela okuphelele, futhi kusenokwenzeka ukuthola umkhuhlane ngemuva kokuthola umkhuhlane. Kuhlale kubalulekile ukunakekela ukugwema ukutheleleka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvikelwa okutholwa yimishanguzo yomkhuhlane ekuguleni kakhulu nasekufeni kungabonakala njengenzuzo enkulu. Noma kunjalo, ezimweni ezingavamile, ukusabela okuqinile (imiphumela engemihle) emithini yokugoma kungenzeka, kubangele ubunzima obukhulu bezempilo ngemuva kokugonywa.
Inkathi yokufukanyelwa
Yisikhathi lapho izimpawu ziqala ukuvela ngemuva kokungena kwezinto ezithathelwanayo (igciwane, amagciwane) emzimbeni. I-World Health Organisation iveza ukuthi emhlabeni jikelele ngemuva kokuchayeka, umuntu uzokwehla nezimpawu zomkhuhlane wezingulube ezinsukwini ezi-4 kuye kwezi-6 (izinsuku ezi-5 ngokwesilinganiso) noma ngaphezulu ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-7. Leli gciwane linesikhathi eside sokufukamela kunomkhuhlane wonyaka oyizinsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-3.
Umehluko Phakathi Kwengulube Flu Nomkhuhlane Wonyaka
Kunomehluko omncane kakhulu noma omncane phakathi kwezimpawu zomkhuhlane wezingulube nomkhuhlane wonyaka. Ngezinye izikhathi kuba nzima ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezimpawu. Izimpawu zomkhuhlane wezingulube ziba namandla kakhulu, zibuhlungu, zishise kakhulu emzimbeni futhi into eyodwa ebalulekile ukuthi, kukhona isifo sohudo nokuhlanza uma kwenzeka umkhuhlane wezingulube uvamise ukwenzeka kumkhuhlane wonyaka.
Umehluko Phakathi Kwengulube Flu Nomkhuhlane Wonyaka
Izimpawu zomkhuhlane wezingulube umkhuhlane, ukugodola, ubuhlungu bemisipha, ubuthakathaka, ukukhathala, umphimbo obuhlungu, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukukhwehlela okungapheli, imfiva ephikelelayo, ukugwinya kabuhlungu kanye nesibonakaliso esibaluleke kakhulu esingahlukanisa nomkhuhlane wonyaka uhudo nokuhlanza. Izimpawu zomkhuhlane wonyaka noma umkhuhlane ziyefana kodwa zimnene futhi asikho isifo sohudo nokuhlanza.
Manje Lapha Sizokhomba Umehluko Omkhulu Phakathi Kwe-Swine Flu Kanye Nomkhuhlane Wonyaka
Imfiva
Umkhuhlane wezingulube: Umkhuhlane uvame ukuba ne-H1N1 kuma-80% awo wonke amacala emikhuhlane. Ukushisa kwe-101 degree
Umkhuhlane Wonyaka: Umkhuhlane omncane uvamile ngomkhuhlane wonyaka.
Ukukhwehlela
Umkhuhlane wezingulube: Ukukhwehlela okungakhiqizi (okungakhiqizi amafinyila) kuvame ukuba khona ne-H1N1 (ebizwa ngokuthi ukukhwehlela okomile).
Umkhuhlane Wonyaka: Umkhuhlane owomile nowokugenca uvame ukuba khona nomkhuhlane wonyaka kodwa ngamandla aphansi.
Ama-Aches
Umkhuhlane wezingulube: Izinhlungu ezinzima nezinhlungu zivamile nge-H1N1.
Umkhuhlane Wonyaka: Ubuhlungu bomzimba obulinganiselayo nobuncane buvamile ngomkhuhlane wonyaka
Ikhala Elimile
Umkhuhlane wezingulube: Impumulo ejiyile ayivamile ukuba khona ne-H1N1.
Umkhuhlane Wonyaka: Ikhala eligijimayo livame ukuba nomkhuhlane wonyaka.
Amakhaza
Umkhuhlane wezingulube: Ama-80% abantu abane-H1N1 abahlangabezana nokugodola.
Umkhuhlane Wonyaka: Ukuqhaqhazela kumnene kuya ekulinganiseni nomkhuhlane wonyaka.
Ukukhathala
Umkhuhlane wezingulube: Ukukhathala kunzima nge-H1N1.
Umkhuhlane Wonyaka: Ukukhathala kunesilinganiso futhi kungenzeka kubhekiswe njengokuntuleka kwamandla nomkhuhlane wonyaka.
Ukuthimula
Umkhuhlane wezingulube: ukuthimula akuvamile nge-H1N1.
Umkhuhlane Wonyaka: Ukuthimula kuyinto ejwayelekile ngomkhuhlane wonyaka.
Uphawu olungazelelwe
I-Swine flu: Umuntu uzokwehla nezimpawu zomkhuhlane wezingulube ezinsukwini ezi-4 kuye kwezi-6. I-H1N1 ishaya ngamandla futhi ifaka nezimpawu ezingazelelwe ezinjengomkhuhlane omkhulu, izinhlungu nezinhlungu.
Umkhuhlane Wonyaka: Izimpawu zivame ukuvela ngemuva kwezinsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezingu-3 ngemuva kokungena kwegciwane emzimbeni futhi zibandakanya ubuso obucwathile, ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla, isiyezi, ukuhlanza, isicanucanu.
Ubuhlungu bekhanda
I-Swine flu: Ikhanda elibuhlungu livame kakhulu nge-H1N1 futhi livela kuma-80% wamacala.
Umkhuhlane Wonyaka: Ikhanda elibuhlungu livamile ngomkhuhlane wonyaka.
Umphimbo obuhlungu
Umkhuhlane wezingulube: Akuvamile kakhulu kumkhuhlane wezingulube futhi noma ngabe ukhona ubumnene.
Umkhuhlane Wonyaka: Umphimbo obuhlungu uvame ukubakhona nomkhuhlane wonyaka.
Ukungakhululeki Kwesifuba
Umkhuhlane wezingulube: Ukungakhululeki kwesifuba kuvame ukuba nzima nge-H1N1.
Umkhuhlane Wonyaka: Ukungakhululeki kwesifuba kuyalingana nomkhuhlane wonyaka. Uma iphenduka inzima kunokufuna ukwelashwa
ukunakwa ngokushesha.
