Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, kungenzeka ukuthi uzwile igama elithi intersectional feminism. Kodwa akusikho lokho nje kwabesifazane , ungase ubuze? Cha, akunjalo. Nakhu konke odinga ukukwazi-okubandakanya indlela yokwenza ubufazi bakho buhlangane kakhulu.
Iyini i-intersectional feminism?
Nakuba abantu besifazane bokuqala abaMnyama (abaningi babo okwakungamalungu omphakathi we-LGBTQ+) babesebenzisa ubufazi obuhlukene, leli gama laqanjwa ummeli, isishoshovu kanye nesazi semfundiso yobuhlanga ebucayi uKimberlé Crenshaw ngo-1989, lapho eshicilela iphepha e-University of Chicago Legal Forum elinesihloko esithi. Ukucekela phansi Ukuhlukana Kobuhlanga Nobulili. Njengoba uCrenshaw akuchaza, ubufazi obuhlukene buwukuqonda ukuthi ubunikazi obuhambisanayo besifazane—okuhlanganisa uhlanga, isigaba, ukukhetha ubulili, ubunikazi bobulili, ikhono, inkolo, ubudala nesimo sokuthuthela kwelinye izwe—kunomthelela endleleni ababhekana ngayo nokucindezelwa nokucwaswa. Umqondo wukuthi bonke abantu besifazane bahlangabezana nezwe ngendlela ehlukile, ngakho-ke ubufazi obugxile ohlotsheni olulodwa lowesifazane futhi bunganaki izinhlelo zokucindezelwa ezixhumene futhi ezivame ukweqana aziphelele futhi aziphelele.
Isibonelo, nakuba owesifazane omhlophe onobulili obuhlukile engase abhekane nokucwaswa okusekelwe ebulilini bakhe, owesifazane othandana nowesifazane omnyama angase abhekane nokucwaswa okusekelwe ubulili bakhe, uhlanga kanye nezimo zobulili. Labo abahambisana nobushoshovu besifazane babeyazi inkolelo-mbono kaCrenshaw, kodwa ayizange ihambe kahle kwaze kwaba yiminyaka embalwa edlule, lapho yengezwa ku-Oxford English Dictionary ngo-2015 futhi yathola ukunakwa okusabalele nakakhulu phakathi noMashi Wabesifazane ka-2017. —okungukuthi imashi igeje kanjani uphawu uma kufikwa empambana-mgwaqo obandakanya bonke.
Ihluke kanjani ku-feminism evamile?
I-Mainstream American feminism yaseMelika yangekhulunyaka lama-20, ngakho konke okuhle eyakwenza, yayingaphelele, njengoba yayisekelwe ekuhlangenwe nakho kwamasiko nomlando kwabesifazane abamhlophe abamhlophe abaphakathi nendawo nabasezingeni eliphezulu. Izindaba eziphathelene nobuhlanga, isigaba, ubulili, ukukwazi nokuthuthela kwelinye izwe azizange zishaywe indiva (futhi namanje) azinakwa. Qaphela ukuthi kusekhona abantu abathanda imfashini endala futhi engabandakanyi abesifazane, kuhlanganise nombhali u-J.K. Rowling, ogama lakhe lingu i-transphobic feminism muva nje—futhi ngokufanelekile—iqale phansi.
Yini ongayenza ukuze wenze eyakho i-feminism ihlangane kakhulu?
eyodwa. Zifundise (futhi ungayeki ukufunda)
Ukwazi—kanye nokuchitha—ukuchema kwakho kuthatha umsebenzi, futhi indawo enhle yokuthi lowo msebenzi uqale ngokufunda nokulalela abantu abaye baphila okuhlangenwe nakho okuhlukile. Funda izincwadi ezimayelana ne-intersectional feminism (kuhlanganise neCrenshaw's Ku-Intersectionality , Angela Y. Davis’s Abesifazane, uhlanga, & Ikilasi kanye noMolly Smith noJuno Mac Izifebe Ezidlubulundayo ); landela ama-akhawunti aku-Instagram akhuluma ngokuhlangana kwemigwaqo (njenge-trans activist Raquel Willis , umbhali, umhleli kanye nomhleli UMahogany L. Browne , umbhali Layla F. Saad kanye nombhali nesishoshovu Blair Imani ); futhi uqiniseke ukuthi yonke imidiya oyisebenzisayo ivela emithonjeni namazwi ahlukene. Yazi futhi ukuthi lesi akusona isimo sokufunda incwadi eyodwa-futhi-uqedile. Uma kuziwa ekubeni umuntu wesifazane ohlukene phakathi—njengokucwasa—umsebenzi awuke wenziwe; kuyinqubo yempilo yonke, eqhubekayo.
2. Yazisa ilungelo lakho…bese ulisebenzisa
Njenganoma yiluphi uhlobo lokungafundi nokufunda kabusha, ukuvuma ilungelo lakho kuyisinyathelo sokuqala esidingekayo. Nokho, qaphela ukuthi ilungelo elimhlophe akulona lodwa uhlobo lwelungelo olungaphazamisa ubufazi bakho—ilungelo elinamandla, ilungelo lesigaba, ilungelo le-cisgender, ilungelo elincane nokunye.
Uma usulamukele ilungelo lakho, ungayeki. Akwanele ukusho nje ukuthi uzuzile ekuphakameni kwabamhlophe, i-heteronormativity nezinye izinhlelo zokucwasa. Ukwenza ubufazi bakho buhlangane ngokwehlukana ngokweqiniso, kufanele usebenze ngenkuthalo ukusebenzisa ilungelo lakho ukuhlakaza lezi zinhlelo futhi wabelane ngamandla akho nabanye.
Uma usesimweni sokunikela ngemali, yenza kanjalo. Njengoba umbhali kanye nomeluleki wezinhlobonhlobo U-Mikki Kendall usanda kusitshela , Nikela ezikhwameni zosizo oluhlanganyelwe, amaphrojekthi ebheyili, noma iyiphi indawo lapho leyo mali ingase ibe nomthelela ekushintsheni okunengqondo kwemiphakathi okungenzeka ibe nokuncane kunokwakho. Unamandla nelungelo ohlangothini lwakho, ngisho noma kubonakala sengathi awunalo okwanele ukushintsha umhlaba. Singenza noma yini uma sibambisene.
Bhala uhlu lwendawo yakho yokusebenza futhi uqaphele lapho ungathatha khona izinyathelo ezithile—ezinkulu nezincane—ukuze ukhuthaze indawo emelene nokucwasa ngokwebala , kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lokho kuwukuthola ulwazi ngezenzo zakho siqu noma ukufunda ukuthi ungabika kanjani ukucwasa okungekho emthethweni.
Into eyodwa ebalulekile okufanele siyiqaphele ukuthi akufanele siphambanise amandla okwabelana nokusebenzisa ilungelo ngokugxilisa amagama amhlophe cishe (ama-cisgender kanye nawobulili obuhlukile). Uma ungowesifazane omhlophe, qiniseka ukuthi ulalela kakhulu kunalokho okhuluma ngakho, futhi ufunde kunoma yikuphi ukugxeka okutholayo—ngaphandle kwalokho, ungase ube necala lokuchaza abamhlophe.
3. Sebenzisa amandla akho okuthenga ngokuhle
Ubukwazi nje lokho abane Fortune 500 CEO abaMnyama , kanti akekho kubo ongowabantu besifazane abamnyama? Noma ukuthi kulo nyaka, nakuba kwakukhona inombolo eyirekhodi yama-CEO besifazane ku-Fortune 500 , kwakusengama-37 kuphela (futhi abathathu kuphela kwabangu-37 abangabesifazane bemibala)? Abesilisa abamhlophe be-cisgender bayaqhubeka nokuba nenani elikhulu lokulawula amabhizinisi, futhi nakuba kungase kungabonakali sengathi ukukhetha kwakho kwansuku zonke kungaba yimbangela yoshintsho, bangakwazi. Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa imali yakho ngokuzithandela, cabanga ngempela ukuthi leyo mali iyaphi nokuthi isekela bani. Ezingeni elikhulu, cabanga ukutshala imali ezinkampanini zabesifazane abanemibala noma ukunikela ezinhlanganweni ezisiza amantombazane asemancane anombala aphumelele ebhizinisini. Ezingeni elincane, funa amabhizinisi aphethwe abantu abanezithiyo zokungena eziphakeme ngokungenangqondo. (Nawa amanye amabhrendi aphethwe ngabantu abamnyama , amabhrendi aphethwe ngabantu bomdabu kanye brand eziphethwe queer sithanda.) Wonke amadola nakho konke ukukhetha kubalulekile.
